Tehran University of Medical Sciences Case Reports in Clinical Practice 2538-2683 10 5 2026 05 04 212 217 Mehrdad Ghorbanlou Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Amirali Mehdipoor Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Pourya Gholipoor Chachakloo Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Saghar Shayanmehr Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Fatemeh Bagheri Tadi Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2025 11 11 2025 12 22 The splenic vessels, including the splenic artery and vein, normally run along the superior and posterior aspects of the pancreas, but their intrapancreatic courses can vary. Such variations may pose challenges during abdominal surgeries, including distal pancreatectomy, splenectomy, and pancreatic transplantation. A formalin-fixed female cadaver, aged 54 years at death, was examined during routine educational dissection. The upper abdominal cavity was explored, with particular attention to the pancreas, spleen, splenic artery, and splenic vein. Vascular structures were stained using acrylic-based staining agents to visualize the blood vessels. Splenomegaly was noted based on gross anatomical assessment, and findings were documented through descriptive notes and digital photography. The cadaver exhibited a markedly enlarged spleen. The splenic artery followed an atypical intrapancreatic course, traversing the pancreatic parenchyma in a tortuous, deeper trajectory instead of the classical suprapancreatic pathway. The splenic vein was partially embedded within the posterior pancreas, deviating from its usual extrapancreatic route. Additionally, the inferior mesenteric vein drained directly into the superior mesenteric vein, contrary to its common confluence with the splenic vein. This case highlights a rare anatomical variation of the splenic vascular pathways associated with splenomegaly. Awareness of such deviations is crucial for surgeons, anatomists, and radiologists to prevent intraoperative complications and ensure accurate imaging interpretation. Individualized anatomical assessment during clinical and educational procedures is emphasized, contributing valuable insight to anatomical and surgical literature. https://crcp.tums.ac.ir/index.php/crcp/article/view/1132 https://crcp.tums.ac.ir/index.php/crcp/article/download/1132/749