Pulmonary Thromboembolism in a Patent With Patent Foramen Ovale
Abstract
During the recent years, paradoxical embolism and Patent Foramen Ovale (PFO) have drawn great attention because of their strong correlation with cryptogenic stroke in young patients. The coexistence of pulmonary and paradoxical embolism is even rarer. Awareness of this complication with prompt recognition and treatment could prevent significant disability and death. We presented a 51-year-old man with evidence of concomitant pulmonary embolism and overload due to Pulmonary Thromboembolism and stroke, which suggests the presence of Patent Foramen Ovale. He was successfully treated with anticoagulation and PTO closure was performed.
[1] Hara H, Virmani R, Ladich E, Mackey-Bojack S, Titus J, Reisman M, et al. Patent Foramen Ovale: Current pathology, pathophysiology, and clinical status. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2005; 46(9):1768-76. [DOI:10.1016/j.jacc.2005.08.038] [PMID]
[2] Wu LA, Malouf JF, Dearani JA, Hagler DJ, Reeder GS, Pety GW, et al. Patent Foramen Ovale in cryptogenic stroke: Current understanding and management optons. Archives of Internal Medicine. 2004; 164(9):950-6. [DOI:10.1001/archinte.164.9.950] [PMID]
[3] Kerut EK, Norfleet WT, Plotnick GD, Giles TD. Patent Foramen Ovale: A review of associated conditons and the impact of physiological size. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2001; 38(3):613-23. [DOI:10.1016/S0735-1097(01)01427-9] [PMID]
[4] Hagen PT, Scholz DG, Edwards WD. Incidence and size of Patent Foramen Ovale during the frst 10 decades of life: An autopsy study of 965 normal hearts. Mayo Clinic Proceedings. 1984; 59(1):17-20. [DOI:10.1016/S0025-6196(12)60336-X] [PMID]
[5] Meissner I, Whisnant JP, Khandheria BK, Spitell PC, O’fallon WM, Pascoe RD, et al. Prevalence of potental risk factors for stroke assessed by transesophageal echocardiography and carotd ultrasonography: The SPARC study. Stroke Preventon: Assessment of Risk in a Community. Mayo Clinic Proceedings. 1999; 74(9):862-9. [DOI:10.4065/74.9.862] [PMID]
[6] Nemec JJ, Marwick TH, Lorig RJ, Davison MB, Chimowitz MI, Litowitz H, et al. Comparison of transcranial doppler ultrasound and transesophageal contrast echocardiography in the detecton of interatrial right-to-lef shunts. The American Journal of Cardiology. 1991; 68(15):1498-502. [DOI:10.1016/0002-9149(91)90285-S]
[7] Teague SM, Sharma MK. Detecton of paradoxical cerebral echo contrast embolizaton by transcranial Doppler ultrasound. Stroke. 1991; 22(6):740-5. [DOI:10.1161/01.STR.22.6.740]
[8] Blersch WK, Draganski BM, Holmer SR, Koch HJ, Schlachetzki F, Bogdahn U, et al. Transcranial duplex sonography in the detecton of Patent Foramen Ovale. Radiology. 2002; 225(3):693-9. [DOI:10.1148/radiol.2253011572] [PMID]
[9] Pearson AC, Nagelhout D, Castello R, Gomez CR, Labovitz AJ. Atrial septal aneurysm and stroke: A transesophageal echocardiographic study. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 1991; 18(5):1223-9. [DOI:10.1016/0735-1097(91)90539-L] [PMID]
[10] Cabanes L, Mas JL, Cohen A, Amarenco P, Cabanes PA, Oubary P, et al. Atrial septal aneurysm and Patent Foramen Ovale as risk factors for cryptogenic stroke in patents less than 55 years of age. A study using transesophageal echocardiography. Stroke. 24(12):1865-73. [DOI:10.1161/01.STR.24.12.1865] [PMID]
[11] Belkin RN, Kisslo J. Atrial septal aneurysm: Recogniton and clinical relevance. American Heart Journal. 1990; 120(4):948-57. [DOI:10.1016/0002-8703(90)90214-I] [PMID]
[12] Katsanos AH, Bhole R, Frogoudaki A, Giannopoulos S, Goyal N, Vretou AR, et al. The value of transesophageal echocardiography for embolic strokes of undetermined source. Neurology. 2016; 87(10):988-95. [DOI:10.1212/WNL.0000000000003063] [PMID] [PMCID]
[13] Lansberg MG, O’donnell MJ, Khatri P, Lang ES, Nguyen-Huynh MN, Schwartz NE, et al. Antthrombotc and thrombolytc therapy for ischemic stroke: Antthrombotc therapy and preventon of thrombosis: American college of chest physicians evidence-based clinical practce guidelines. Chest. 2012; 141(2):e601S-36S. [DOI:10.1378/ chest.11-2302] [PMID] [PMCID]
[14] Whitlock RP, Sun JC, Fremes SE, Rubens FD, Teoh KH. Antthrombotc and thrombolytc therapy for valvular disease: Antthrombotc therapy and preventon of thrombosis: American college of chest physicians evidence-based clinical practce guidelines. Chest. 2012; 141(2):e576S-600S. [DOI:10.1378/chest.11-2305] [PMID] [PMCID]
[15] Kernan WN, Ovbiagele B, Black HR, Bravata DM, Chimowitz MI, Ezekowitz MD, et al. Guidelines for the preventon of stroke in patents with stroke and transient ischemic atack: A guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Associaton/American Stroke Associaton. Stroke. 2014; 45(7):2160-236. [DOI:10.1161/STR.0000000000000024] [PMID]
[2] Wu LA, Malouf JF, Dearani JA, Hagler DJ, Reeder GS, Pety GW, et al. Patent Foramen Ovale in cryptogenic stroke: Current understanding and management optons. Archives of Internal Medicine. 2004; 164(9):950-6. [DOI:10.1001/archinte.164.9.950] [PMID]
[3] Kerut EK, Norfleet WT, Plotnick GD, Giles TD. Patent Foramen Ovale: A review of associated conditons and the impact of physiological size. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2001; 38(3):613-23. [DOI:10.1016/S0735-1097(01)01427-9] [PMID]
[4] Hagen PT, Scholz DG, Edwards WD. Incidence and size of Patent Foramen Ovale during the frst 10 decades of life: An autopsy study of 965 normal hearts. Mayo Clinic Proceedings. 1984; 59(1):17-20. [DOI:10.1016/S0025-6196(12)60336-X] [PMID]
[5] Meissner I, Whisnant JP, Khandheria BK, Spitell PC, O’fallon WM, Pascoe RD, et al. Prevalence of potental risk factors for stroke assessed by transesophageal echocardiography and carotd ultrasonography: The SPARC study. Stroke Preventon: Assessment of Risk in a Community. Mayo Clinic Proceedings. 1999; 74(9):862-9. [DOI:10.4065/74.9.862] [PMID]
[6] Nemec JJ, Marwick TH, Lorig RJ, Davison MB, Chimowitz MI, Litowitz H, et al. Comparison of transcranial doppler ultrasound and transesophageal contrast echocardiography in the detecton of interatrial right-to-lef shunts. The American Journal of Cardiology. 1991; 68(15):1498-502. [DOI:10.1016/0002-9149(91)90285-S]
[7] Teague SM, Sharma MK. Detecton of paradoxical cerebral echo contrast embolizaton by transcranial Doppler ultrasound. Stroke. 1991; 22(6):740-5. [DOI:10.1161/01.STR.22.6.740]
[8] Blersch WK, Draganski BM, Holmer SR, Koch HJ, Schlachetzki F, Bogdahn U, et al. Transcranial duplex sonography in the detecton of Patent Foramen Ovale. Radiology. 2002; 225(3):693-9. [DOI:10.1148/radiol.2253011572] [PMID]
[9] Pearson AC, Nagelhout D, Castello R, Gomez CR, Labovitz AJ. Atrial septal aneurysm and stroke: A transesophageal echocardiographic study. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 1991; 18(5):1223-9. [DOI:10.1016/0735-1097(91)90539-L] [PMID]
[10] Cabanes L, Mas JL, Cohen A, Amarenco P, Cabanes PA, Oubary P, et al. Atrial septal aneurysm and Patent Foramen Ovale as risk factors for cryptogenic stroke in patents less than 55 years of age. A study using transesophageal echocardiography. Stroke. 24(12):1865-73. [DOI:10.1161/01.STR.24.12.1865] [PMID]
[11] Belkin RN, Kisslo J. Atrial septal aneurysm: Recogniton and clinical relevance. American Heart Journal. 1990; 120(4):948-57. [DOI:10.1016/0002-8703(90)90214-I] [PMID]
[12] Katsanos AH, Bhole R, Frogoudaki A, Giannopoulos S, Goyal N, Vretou AR, et al. The value of transesophageal echocardiography for embolic strokes of undetermined source. Neurology. 2016; 87(10):988-95. [DOI:10.1212/WNL.0000000000003063] [PMID] [PMCID]
[13] Lansberg MG, O’donnell MJ, Khatri P, Lang ES, Nguyen-Huynh MN, Schwartz NE, et al. Antthrombotc and thrombolytc therapy for ischemic stroke: Antthrombotc therapy and preventon of thrombosis: American college of chest physicians evidence-based clinical practce guidelines. Chest. 2012; 141(2):e601S-36S. [DOI:10.1378/ chest.11-2302] [PMID] [PMCID]
[14] Whitlock RP, Sun JC, Fremes SE, Rubens FD, Teoh KH. Antthrombotc and thrombolytc therapy for valvular disease: Antthrombotc therapy and preventon of thrombosis: American college of chest physicians evidence-based clinical practce guidelines. Chest. 2012; 141(2):e576S-600S. [DOI:10.1378/chest.11-2305] [PMID] [PMCID]
[15] Kernan WN, Ovbiagele B, Black HR, Bravata DM, Chimowitz MI, Ezekowitz MD, et al. Guidelines for the preventon of stroke in patents with stroke and transient ischemic atack: A guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Associaton/American Stroke Associaton. Stroke. 2014; 45(7):2160-236. [DOI:10.1161/STR.0000000000000024] [PMID]
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 3 No 4 (2018): Autumn | |
| Section | Case Report(s) | |
| Keywords | ||
| Patent Foramen Ovale (PFO) Pulmonary Thromboembolism (PTE) Stroke | ||
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
How to Cite
1.
Pazooki B, Radkhah H, Sherafati A. Pulmonary Thromboembolism in a Patent With Patent Foramen Ovale. CRCP. 2019;3(4):128-131.
